oud, stringed musical instrument prominent in medieval and modern day Islamic music. It is the dad or mum of the European lute. The oud features a deep pear-shaped physique, a fretless fingerboard, and a relatively shorter neck and somewhat significantly less acutely bent-back again pegbox than the eu lute.

Alfonso X, “The Wise”, 1221-1284, was King of Castile and various areas in modern-day Spain and Portugal, and practically nothing illustrates the spread with the oud from east to west better than his reign – pretty practically, illustrates

Not one person is familiar with obviously how considerably the oud dates again, and irrespective of whether its origins are in Persia, Arabia, or in other places. It belongs to what we may possibly loosely phone a ‘household’ of similar instruments, but tracing the relationships between distinctive branches of the putative and disputable household tree is fraught with problems, and we should always beware of assumptive promises which absence obvious evidence.

, or melodic modes. Surviving photos on the oud exhibit no frets, but it is feasible that equally fretted and fretless styles were utilized.

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The oldest pictorial record of a brief-necked lute-sort vīnā dates from within the 1st to 3rd generations AD.[forty four] The website of origin of your oud appears to be Central Asia.

One principle is that the oud originated with the Persian instrument referred to as a barbat (Persian: بربت ) or barbud, a lute indicated by Marcel-Dubois to generally be of Central Asian origin. The earliest pictorial impression of the barbat dates again for the 1st century BC from historic northern Bactria and it is the oldest proof from the existence with the barbat.

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I did browse the articles (each of them!) around the vielle, and certainly the western iconography areas the fiddle at the center of troubadour tradition in Provence.

Musicologist Richard Dumbrill now works by using the phrase a lot more categorically to discuss devices that existed millennia prior to the phrase "lute" was coined.[26] Dumbrill documented greater than 3000 years of iconographic proof to the lutes in Mesopotamia, in his guide The Archaeomusicology of The traditional In close proximity to East. In line with Dumbrill, the lute loved ones integrated devices in Mesopotamia just before 3000 BC.[27] He points to the cylinder seal as evidence; dating from c. 3100 BC or previously (now within the possession of the British Museum); the seal depicts on just one side what is regarded as a woman actively playing a stick "lute".

Munir Bashir, an acclaimed musician, thought of as among the masters on the Iraqi university of Arabic maqam scale program

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Although the big entry from the small lute was in western Europe, leading to various lute styles, the limited lute entered Europe in the East at the same time; as early as the sixth century, the Bulgars brought the small-necked number of the instrument identified as Komuz to the Balkans.